Begun in 122, during the rule of Emperor Hadrian, Hadrian's Wall was built to prevent
raids on Roman Britain by the Pictish tribes to the north, to improve economic
stability and provide peaceful conditions in Britain. It was the most heavily
fortified frontier of the Empire. The Wall extended west from Segedunum at
Wallsend (Newcastle) on the River Tyne to the shore of the Solway Firth at Bowness.
It was 80 Roman miles (117 km) long and its width and height depended on the
construction materials which were available. In the North East it was made from
squared stone and measured 3m wide and 5-6m high, further west it was made from
turf and measured 6m wide and 3.5m high.
Starting in the East, Arbeia is the supply fort on the south side of the mouth of
the River Tyne and supplied Segedunum, the fort on the north bank at Wallsend
where Hadrian's Wall meets the River.
Please excuse my map - it's an indication only and not intended to be accurate.